Risperidone is a generic antipsychotic drug used to treat both schizophrenia and mania associated with bipolar disorder. It is typically prescribed as a tablet to be taken orally two or three times per day, in an immediate-release or long-acting formulation. Its method of action involves blocking specific receptors in the brain, notably the dopamine D2 and D3 receptors, serotonin (5-HT1A) and adrenergic (alpha1) receptors. This blocking action is thought to help alleviate positive symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations and delusions, by reducing the excess dopamine activity in the brain that is a hallmark of this disorder. Risperidone also acts as an antagonist at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors, which may contribute to its effectiveness in reducing negative symptoms and improving cognitive function in people with schizophrenia. As with any medication, there are common side effects. These may include dizziness, sedation, dry mouth, constipation, and weight gain with Risperidone. It is also important to note that it may also cause cardiac problems, increase the risk of diabetes, and a movement disorder called tardive dyskinesia. Thus monitoring and education about these possible effects are essential when prescribing this drug. It is also important to note that the specific mechanism of action and clinical use of Risperidone can vary according to the indication, route of administration, and dosage form
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